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PAPER TITLE: LAW: EXPLORING PHIOLOSOPHY

DATE: Tuesday, 5 June 2018

PART 1

Question ONE

Critically assess John Locke’s view that personal identity consists in sameness of consciousness.

SOLUTION

According to John Locke on his principle of personal identity, that which makes a person the same person over time is consciousness. He believes as long as a person retains consciousness or memory of a past action, the person who remembers as well as the person remembered are one and the same person. He tries to establish a difference between the concepts of man, person and substance. According to Locke, many people confuse the terms ‘man’ and ‘person’ together but they are different concepts entirely. This is because a ‘man’ is only a member of the homo-sapiens species, while a person is a “rational, self-aware being capable of perceiving of themselves as existing over time.” In explaining this distinction between a ‘man’ and a ‘person’, Locke used the example of a severely disabled adult. According to Locke, such a person may be a man i.e. a member of the homo-sapiens species, but is not a person because he lacks the cognitive capacities that is necessary to conceive himself as existing over time.

Locke further pointed out three possible candidates which he considers alternative theories for what makes a person the same over time. These are the same body theory, the same living system, and the same soul. The theory of the same body implies that…

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Question TWO

According to Hume, the claim that we have an unchanging self is contrary to experience. Explain and assess Hume’s view.

PART 2

Question THREE

What is the problem of evil? Is it a problem the theist can overcome?

Question FOUR

Can appeals to religious experience give us reason to accept that God exists?

Question FIVE

What question does Glaucon pose for Socrates using the example of an invisibility ring? Does Socrates provide an adequate answer to that question?

Question SIX

What, if anything, does Thomson’s ‘Famous Violinist’ thought experiment show about the moral permissibility of abortion?

Question SEVEN

Explain how Hume reached the conclusion that mere habit, rather than reason, guides us to rely on experience. Is he right?

Question EIGHT

Present Thomas Kuhn’s view of the history of science. Does his view imply that scientists today cannot claim that ancient and medieval theories (e.g. the Ptolemaic system) were false?

Question NINE

Can someone take away parts of my mind simply by stealing my possessions? Discuss in connection with the Extended Mind Thesis defended by Clark and Chalmers.

Question TEN

What is the qualia objection to physicalist theories of the mind? Does it show those theories to be false?

Question ELEVEN

Does Nozick’s public address system example show that free-riding is not always wrong?

Question TWELVE

How does democratic egalitarianism differ from luck egalitarianism? Does the former improve on the latter? Which is more plausible?

[END OF QUESTION PAPER]

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Last updated: Sep 02, 2021 12:14 PM